A completely French concept, "concours en campagne", country competitions appear to be the practical application of Ring competitions. They consist of a series of training tests in which the dog expresses its natural abilities in the fields of hurdles, obedience, fighting, and tracking. Just like the ring, competitions in the country pinpoint fundamental qualities of athleticism, dynamism, degree of obedience, stability of character, and courage in herding and guarding breeds. These are recognized as a way of bettering the canine species. To this end, the results appear on pedigrees and serve to inform breeders on the use of their best male dogs to improve the character quality of the breeding.