The nephrons are the kidney's basic functional units. They consist of fairly long tubules that empty into collecting tubules. They have several parts, as follows: A mass of capillaries passes into Bowman's capsule (the glomerular capsule). A convoluted portion (proximal tubule) leads from the capsule to a straight portion, through an intermediate tubule and then to a distal tubule having two sections, a straight portion and a distal convoluted portion. Each distal tubule empties into a collecting tubule through a short connecting tubule. To simplify, the nephrons'glomerular capsules and the convoluted portions of the tubules can be said to be grouped in the renal cortex, while the straight portions, forming the loop of Henle, comprise the medulla.
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